Application of Chitosan Oligosaccharide in Agriculture

Chitosan oligosaccharides (COS), also known as amino oligosaccharide, oligoglucosamine, oligoglucosamine. It is an oligosaccharide product obtained by degrading chitosan from shrimp and crab shells through special biological enzyme technology, chemical degradation, microwave degradation technology, etc., It is composed of 2-10 glucosamines connected by β-1-4 glycosidic bonds, the molecular weight is less than or equal to 3200Da, and it is also the only positively charged cationic basic amino oligosaccharide in nature. Biological enzymatic hydrolysis is currently the mainstream method for producing chitosan oligosaccharides. Enzymatic degradation has high specificity, safety and non-toxicity, no waste water generation, easy control and no need for desalination, and has little effect on the chemical structure and biological activity of the product.

Chitosan oligosaccharides not only has good water solubility, environmentally friendly and pollution-free, but also has unique physiological activity, which is easily absorbed and utilized by living organisms. It is widely used in agriculture, wastewater treatment, food, medicine and daily chemicals. As a plant immune inducer, agricultural chitosan oligosaccharide has the characteristics of promoting plant growth, reducing the use of chemicals, and being environmentally friendly. It is more in line with the concept of green plant protection, and its application in agricultural production has the functions of disease resistance, stress resistance, growth promotion, yield increase, quality improvement and freshness preservation.

1. Inhibit plant pathogens

Chitosan oligosaccharide is a polycationic derivative of chitin, which can interact with the negatively charged side chains of biological macromolecules on the cell surface of pathogenic bacteria to form polymers, so it can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria; Chitosan oligosaccharide can also directly enter the nucleus of pathogenic bacteria, combine with DNA, and inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria by affecting the synthesis of mRNA and protein.

2. Induct plant antiviral activity

2.1 Passivate plant virus and reduce the infectivity of virus.

2.2 Inhibit virus proliferation in plants.

2.3 Inhibit the long-distance movement of viruses in plants.

2.4 Induction of antiviral ultrastructure in plants.

3. Regulate the growth of plants

3.1 Improve the germination rate and germination energy of seeds.

3.2 Increase the length and thickness of the main root, the number of lateral roots, the dry and wet weight of the seedling, and the chlorophyll content.

3.3 Activation of plant somatic cells, regulation of secondary metabolites of plants, and improvement of crop yield.

3.4 Accelerate the growth rate of explant tissue.

4. Improve plant stress resistance

Chitosan oligosaccharide can improve the cold resistance, drought resistance and salinity resistance of plants by affecting the net photosynthetic rate of plants, regulating stomatal conductance, and inducing related stress resistance genes.

5. Improve the soil

5.1 Proliferation of beneficial soil flora.

5.2 Promote the formation of soil aggregate structure.

5.3 Chelation and release of soil trace elements.